People

King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC

Mauryan emperor from 269 to 232 BCE

Roman general and dictator (100–44 BC)

Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC

Roman emperor from 27 BC to AD 14

Empress of China from 690 to 705

Carolingian emperor from 800 to 814

Khan of the Mongol Empire from 1206 to 1227

Ruler of Mali from c. 1312 to c. 1337

Turco-Mongol conqueror (1320s–1405)

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520–1566)

Mughal emperor from 1556 to 1605

Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 to 1603

Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796

U.S. Founding Father, president from 1789 to 1797

French general and emperor (1769–1821)

Venezuelan statesman and military officer (1783–1830)

President of the United States from 1861 to 1865

Indian independence activist (1869–1948)

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953

Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945

Italian navigator and explorer (1451–1506)

Italian polymath (1452–1519)

Italian artist and architect (1475–1564)

Dutch painter and printmaker (1606–1669)

Japanese artist (1760–1849)

Dutch painter (1853–1890)

Spanish painter and sculptor (1881–1973)

Chinese philosopher (c. 551 – c. 479 BCE)

Greek philosopher (c. 470–399 BC)

Roman statesman and lawyer (106–43 BC)

Arab Islamic scholar, historian and philosopher (1332–1406)

Florentine statesman, diplomat, and political theorist (1469–1527)

French philosopher and mathematician (1596–1650)

English philosopher and physician (1632–1704)

Scottish economist and philosopher (1723–1790)

German philosopher (1724–1804)

English writer and philosopher (1759–1797)

German philosopher and socialist (1818–1883)

Austrian psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939)

1st-century-BC Roman poet

Chinese poet (701–762)

Sufi mystic and poet (1207–1273)

Italian writer and philosopher (1265–1321)

English playwright and poet (1564–1616)

French writer and philosopher (1694–1778)

Russian writer (1828–1910)

Indian polymath (1861–1941)

German composer (1685–1750)

Composer (1756–1791)

German composer (1770–1827)

American jazz trumpeter and singer (1901–1971)

American animator, producer and entrepreneur (1901–1966)

Persian polymath, physician and philosopher (c. 980–1037)

German inventor and craftsman (died 1468)

Mathematician and astronomer (1473–1543)

Italian physicist and astronomer (1564–1642)

English polymath (1642–1727)

French nobleman and chemist (1743–1794)

English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)

English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)

English founder of modern nursing (1820–1910)

French chemist, pharmacist and microbiologist (1822–1895)

Scottish physicist and mathematician (1831–1879)

Russian chemist (1834–1907)

American inventor and businessman (1847–1931)

Serbian-American engineer and inventor (1856–1943)

Polish-French physicist and chemist (1867–1934)

German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)

Greek mathematician and physicist (c. 287 – 212 BC)

Swiss mathematician (1707–1783)

German scholar (1777–1855)

English computer scientist (1912–1954)

1st-century Jewish preacher and religious leader

Founder of Islam (c. 570–632)

1st Shia Imam and 4th Rashidun caliph (656–661)

German priest, theologian and author (1483–1546)

American business magnate (1863–1947)

Indian actress (1933–1969)

Italian actor (1895–1926)

French stage actress (1844–1923)

British actress (1913–1967)

American actor (1899–1957)

American actor (1901–1960)

American actress and singer (1922–1969)

American actress and model (1926–1962)

French-Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (1818–1910)

Russian ballet dancer (1881–1931)

Russian dancer and choreographer (1889–1950)

American dancer and choreographer (1877–1927)

American and French entertainer (1906–1975)

American escapologist and stuntman (1874–1926)

Italian painter and architect (c. 1267–1337)

Flemish painter (died 1441)

15th-century Italian Renaissance painter

Italian Renaissance painter (1445–1510)

German artist and theorist (1471–1528)

Italian painter (c. 1477/88/90–1576)

Italian painter and architect (1483–1520)

German artist and printmaker (1497–1543)

Dutch and Flemish painter (c. 1525/30–1569)

Greek painter of the Spanish Renaissance (1541–1614)

Italian painter (1571–1610)

Flemish artist and diplomat (1577–1640)

Italian painter (born 1593)

French Baroque painter (1594–1665)

Spanish painter (1599–1660)

Dutch painter (1632–1675)

French painter (1684–1721)

English painter, engraver and satirist (1697–1764)

Spanish painter and printmaker (1746–1828)

French painter (1748–1825)

German Romantic landscape painter (1774–1840)

English painter (1775–1851)

English painter (1776–1837)

French painter (1780–1867)

French painter (1798–1863)

French realist painter (1819–1877)

Danish-French painter (1830–1903)

French painter (1832–1883)

American painter (1834–1903)

French Impressionist artist (1834–1917)

French painter (1839–1906)

French painter (1840–1926)

French painter and sculptor (1841–1919)

French painter (1844–1910)

Russian realist painter (1844–1930)

French artist (1848–1903)

American painter (1856–1925)

French painter (1859–1891)

Austrian symbolist painter (1862–1918)

Norwegian painter (1863–1944)

French painter and illustrator (1864–1901)

Russian painter and art theorist (1866–1944)

French artist (1869–1954)

Dutch painter (1872–1944)

Russian artist and painter (1879–1935)

Swiss-German painter (1879–1940)

German artist (1880–1916)

American painter and printmaker (1882–1967)

Mexican muralist (1886–1957)

German artist (1891–1976)

Belgian painter (1898–1967)

Mexican painter (1907–1954)

American painter (1912–1956)

American cartoonist and animator (c.1866–1934)

English illustrator and author (1872–1898)

Dutch graphic artist (1898–1972)

Greek sculptor, painter and architect (c.480–430 BC)

Italian Renaissance sculptor (c. 1386–1466)

Italian sculptor and architect (1598–1680)

French sculptor (1840–1917)

Romanian sculptor, photographer and painter (1876–1957)

French painter, sculptor, and chess player (1887–1968)

Swiss sculptor and painter (1901–1966)

Italian Renaissance architect (1377–1446)

Italian architect and author (1404-1472)

16th-century Ottoman chief architect and civil engineer

Venetian architect (1508–1580)

English architect (1632–1723)

Catalan architect (1852–1926)

American architect (1856–1924)

American architect (1867–1959)

German-American architect (1883–1969)

German-American architect (1886–1969)

Swiss-French architect (1887–1965)

Estonian-American architect (1901–1974)

French fashion designer (1883–1971)

English photographer (1830–1904)

Russian chemist and photographer (1863–1944)

American photographer (1886–1958)

Italian luthier (1644–1737)

French official who renovated Paris (1809–1891)

American landscape architect (1822–1903)

Japanese painter (c. 1420–1506)

Chinese painter (1642–1707)

Japanese ukiyo-e woodblock print artist

Chinese poet (c.340–278 BCE)

Chinese poet (365–427)

Classical Athenian comic playwright (c. 446 – c. 386 BC)

Roman lyric poet (65–8 BC)

Tang-dynasty Chinese poet, musician, painter, and statesman

Tang dynasty Chinese poet (712–770)

Ancient Chinese writer, essayist and poet (768–824)

Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty (772-846)

Chinese poet, historian and statesman (1007–1072)

Chinese writer and politician (1037–1101)

Indian poet, writer, singer and scholar (1253–1325)

15th-16th century Indian poet and sant

8th-century classical Arabic poet

Persian poet (858–940/41)

Persian poet (940–1025)

Persian polymath and poet (1048–1131)

Persian poet (1414–1492)

Italian scholar and poet (1304–1374)

English writer (1343–1400)

African-American abolitionist (1822–1913)

Albanian warlord and military commander (1405–1468)

Albanian-Indian Catholic saint (1910–1997)

English mathematician (1815–1852)

British statesman and writer (1874–1965)

President of the United States from 1961 to 1963