Modern era

Country in Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia

President of the United States from 1861 to 1865

Indian independence activist (1869–1948)

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953

Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945

Country in Southern Africa

Dutch painter (1853–1890)

Spanish painter and sculptor (1881–1973)

Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania

Country mainly in West Asia

German philosopher and socialist (1818–1883)

Austrian psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939)

Country in northwestern Europe

Country in North America

Country in North America

Country

Country in South America

Country in South America

Country in South America

Russian writer (1828–1910)

Indian polymath (1861–1941)

American jazz trumpeter and singer (1901–1971)

American animator, producer and entrepreneur (1901–1966)

1914–1918 global conflict

Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991

1939–1945 global conflict

English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)

English founder of modern nursing (1820–1910)

1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR

French chemist, pharmacist and microbiologist (1822–1895)

Scottish physicist and mathematician (1831–1879)

Russian chemist (1834–1907)

American inventor and businessman (1847–1931)

Serbian-American engineer and inventor (1856–1943)

Polish-French physicist and chemist (1867–1934)

German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)

English computer scientist (1912–1954)

Capital and most populous city in Japan

American business magnate (1863–1947)

Indian actress (1933–1969)

Italian actor (1895–1926)

French stage actress (1844–1923)

British actress (1913–1967)

American actor (1899–1957)

American actor (1901–1960)

American actress and singer (1922–1969)

American actress and model (1926–1962)

French-Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (1818–1910)

Russian ballet dancer (1881–1931)

Russian dancer and choreographer (1889–1950)

American dancer and choreographer (1877–1927)

American and French entertainer (1906–1975)

American escapologist and stuntman (1874–1926)

French realist painter (1819–1877)

Danish-French painter (1830–1903)

French painter (1832–1883)

American painter (1834–1903)

French Impressionist artist (1834–1917)

French painter (1839–1906)

French painter (1840–1926)

French painter and sculptor (1841–1919)

French painter (1844–1910)

Russian realist painter (1844–1930)

French artist (1848–1903)

American painter (1856–1925)

French painter (1859–1891)

Austrian symbolist painter (1862–1918)

Norwegian painter (1863–1944)

French painter and illustrator (1864–1901)

Russian painter and art theorist (1866–1944)

French artist (1869–1954)

Dutch painter (1872–1944)

Russian artist and painter (1879–1935)

Swiss-German painter (1879–1940)

German artist (1880–1916)

American painter and printmaker (1882–1967)

Mexican muralist (1886–1957)

German artist (1891–1976)

Belgian painter (1898–1967)

Mexican painter (1907–1954)

American painter (1912–1956)

American cartoonist and animator (c.1866–1934)

English illustrator and author (1872–1898)

Dutch graphic artist (1898–1972)

French sculptor (1840–1917)

Romanian sculptor, photographer and painter (1876–1957)

French painter, sculptor, and chess player (1887–1968)

Swiss sculptor and painter (1901–1966)

Catalan architect (1852–1926)

American architect (1856–1924)

American architect (1867–1959)

German-American architect (1883–1969)

German-American architect (1886–1969)

Swiss-French architect (1887–1965)

Estonian-American architect (1901–1974)

French fashion designer (1883–1971)

English photographer (1830–1904)

Russian chemist and photographer (1863–1944)

American photographer (1886–1958)

French official who renovated Paris (1809–1891)

American landscape architect (1822–1903)

Programmable machine that processes data

Genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany

1861–1865 conflict in the United States

1936–1939 civil war in Spain

Systematic campaign in the Ottoman Empire

International cultural movement (1920s–1950s)

19th-century art movement

Major World War II battle from 1942 to 1943

20th-century avant-garde art movement

Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament

Cultural and artistic movement

Artistic, cultural, and theoretical movement

Multi-party war in the former Russian Empire (1917–1922)

1918–1920 global influenza pandemic

Tenth conflict of the Russo-Turkish wars (1853–1856)

Avant-garde art movement in the early 20th century

1803–1815 series of wars led by Napoleon

European conflict from 1870 to 1871

Signalling device to control competing flows of traffic

Youth movement

1939–1940 war between the Soviet Union and Finland

1815 battle of the Waterloo campaign

1904–1905 conflict in East Asia

1932–1933 man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine

Modernist art movement

1937–1945 conflict in East Asia

Theatre of war of European Axis and Soviet Union blocs

Artistic and social movement

1898 conflict between Spain and the United States

1890–1911 European style of art and architecture

1941 Japanese attack on the U.S.

German art school and art movement

1812–1815 conflict in North America

1927–1949 civil war in China

Late 19th-century art movement in Europe

1848–1870 consolidation of Italian states

Device that converts other energy to electrical energy

Clock tower in London, England

Uprising against British Company rule

1912–1913 conflicts in Balkan states

1812 conflict during the Napoleonic Wars

1899–1901 anti-foreign uprising in China

1805 battle of the Trafalgar campaign

1912–1913 war between the Balkan League and the Ottoman Empire

Device for analogue recording of sound

1940 WWII air battle

1894–1895 war between China and Japan

1846–1848 conflict between Mexico and the United States

1805 battle of the War of the Third Coalition

Soviet massacre of Polish military officers and intelligentsia in 1940

German invasion of France in 1940

1839–1842 war between the United Kingdom and China

1938 anti-Jewish pogroms in Nazi Germany

Last major offensive of the European theatre of World War II

1896 military conflict in East Africa

1943 tank battle in the Soviet Union

Predominantly French art movement, 1886–1905

1937–1938 mass murder in China

World War II landing operation in Europe

Greek rebellion against the Ottoman Empire (1821–1829)

Battle on the Western Front during the First World War

20th-century architectural and art style

Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer

20th-century conflict between Poland and Russia

WWI battle pitting France and Britain against Germany

Artistic style

Bulgaria's invasion of its neighbours (1913)

British royal family

1807–1814 war against Napoleon in Iberia

1866 war in Europe

1942 major naval battle in World War II

Major rebellion in China (1850–1864)

Nationwide armed struggle in Mexico (1910–1920)

Interwar conflict in Turkey, 1919–1923

Territorial conflict between Chile and allied Peru and Bolivia (1879–83)

1899–1902 war in South Africa

1856–1860 war between British–French forces and China

1813 battle of the Napoleonic Wars

World War II campaign in Russia

Major World War II battle in the Pacific Theater

Soviet style of realistic art depicting communist values

1845–1852 mass starvation in Ireland

Early-20th-century Russian art movement

1914 shooting in Sarajevo

American post–World War II art movement

1812 battle of the French invasion of Russia

Iranian royal dynasty (1925–1979)

1911–1912 war in Libya and the Aegean Sea

Group of English painters, poets, and critics founded in 1848

Artistic and architectural philosophy originating in Russia

1918 civil war in Finland

Nazi plan for the genocide of Jews

First major battle of World War I, 1914

Dutch art movement founded 1917

Armed Philippine-American conflict (1899–1902)

Artistic period (1860s–1970s)

Major 1945 battle of the Pacific War

1919 massacre of Indian protesters

19th-century conflicts between China and European powers

1863 battle of the American Civil War

1944 attempted assassination of Adolf Hitler

1916 major naval battle during World War I

Royal house of Sweden

Failed Hungarian revolt against the Austrian and Russian Empires

Large-scale conflict in South America (1864–1870)

1935–1936 war between Italy and Ethiopia

1933 arson attack in Berlin, Germany

1905 protest in St. Petersburg, Russia

1916–1918 uprising against the Ottoman Turks

Evacuation of Allied forces in early 1940

1919–1921 war between Irish and British forces

Conflict between the Kingdom of Greece and the Turkish National Movement

European royal house of German origin

1922–1923 conflict between factions of the IRA

1944–1945 war between Finland and Germany

Attempt by Germany during World War II to cut supply lines to Britain

Major battle of the Texas Revolution

Genocide of Assyrians (1914–1924)

Genocide of the Romani in Europe during World War II

1880–1881 war in South Africa

1835–1836 rebellion

1914 World War I battle

1940 battle between the Allies and Germany in France

1805–1806 conflict during the Napoleonic Wars

1923 megathrust earthquake in Japan

1868–1869 Japanese civil war

1890 South Dakota massacre of Lakota

Finnish war against the Soviet Union (1941–44)

1813–1814 conflict during the Napoleonic Wars

Group of Austrian artists and architects

Earthquake in California

Initial battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War

War between Bolivia and Paraguay (1932 to 1935)

1806 battle of the War of the Fourth Coalition

War between Denmark, Prussia, and Austria in 1864

1870 battle during the Franco-Prussian War

1876 battle of the Great Sioux War

Major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II

Battle of World War II

1896–1898 Philippine war of independence against the Spanish Empire

Philosophical system developed by Ayn Rand

1945–1949 Indonesian conflict and diplomatic struggle against Dutch rule

1939 border clashes between Imperial Japan and the Soviet Union

Anti-Russian uprising in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1830–31)

1838–1842 British-Afghan war

War between Estonia and Soviet Russia in 1918–1920

Battle in the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War

Federated state of Yugoslavia (1943–1992)

1940–1941 conflict

British colonial war in 1879

1917 battle on the Italian front of World War I

Design movement (c. 1880–1920)

1917 campaign of the First World War

1806–1807 conflict of the Napoleonic Wars

Military battle during World War II on 19 August 1944

Battle of the Polish–Soviet War

Largest naval battle of World War II and history

Famine in British India during World War II

1859 conflict between Sardinia (with France) and Austria

1808–1809 war between Russia and Sweden

1895–1896 war between the Ethiopia and Italy

1865 murder in Washington, D.C., US

Series of devastating floods

Axis invasion of Crete during World War II

Battle of World War II

1894–1897 massacres of Armenians and Assyrians in the Ottoman Empire

1916–1934 Central Asian uprising

1896 battle of the First Italo-Ethiopian War

1808–1833 series of armed conflicts in the Americas

1918 murder in Yekaterinburg, Russia

German expressionist artist group

1878–1880 war between the British Empire and the Emirate of Afghanistan

World War II battle on north coast of France

1919 Chinese cultural political movement

1942 battle of World War II

1809 conflict during the Napoleonic Wars

1930s period of severe dust storms in North America

Eighth conflict of the Russo-Turkish wars

1827 naval battle during the Greek War of Independence

1807 battle of the War of the Fourth Coalition

World War II military campaign in 1940

Ninth conflict of the Russo-Turkish wars

1917 World War I battle

Massacres of Poles by Ukrainian nationalists during World War II

1942 battle in the Eastern Front of World War II

1943 series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II

Battle on the Eastern Front of World War II

1807 battle of the War of the Fourth Coalition

1809 battle during the War of the Fifth Coalition

1861 American Civil War battle

1881–1899 Sudanese revolt against Anglo-Egyptian rule

Final battle of the Second Italian War of Independence

Battle on the Western Front of World War II

Last dynasty of Vietnam (1802–1945)

Opening engagement of the German invasion of Belgium during WWI

First naval battle of the Second World War

European imitation of Japanese art during the 19th and 20th centuries

Fifth and final conflict of the Russo-Persian Wars

Code name for the creation of German extermination camps in Poland in World War II

1916 Russian offensive during World War I

1904–1908 genocide by the German Empire

Japanese naval operation in World War II

1854 battle of the Crimean War

1917 maritime disaster in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Major naval battle of World War II

1871 conflagration in Illinois, US

1862 battle of the American Civil War

1918–19 conflict between the Second Polish Republic and Ukrainian forces

Part of the Austro-Prussian War

1944–45 World War II battle

Naval battle of World War I

Battle on the Eastern Front of World War II

1945 Soviet invasion of Manchukuo

1912 maritime disaster

French artists

Conflict over the status of Crete

1941 campaign during World War II

World War II military campaign

Ukrainian anarchist movement

War between Spain and Cuban rebels from 1895 to 1898

1921 mass violence in Oklahoma, US

Battle of the First World War

Eastern European military conflict (1917–1921)

19th-century art movement

1863 American Civil War battle

1819 massacre by government troops in Manchester

1848–1849 conflict in Europe

Battles involving Armenian National movement

Fourth conflict of the Russo-Persian Wars

Ruling dynasty of Egypt and Sudan from the 19th to the mid-20th century

Era of US history from the 1870s to the late 1890s

Federally recognized tribe in the Southwest United States

1861 American Civil War battle

WWII battle

1942 battle during the Western Desert Campaign of World War II

Early 19th century German Romantic painters

French art movement

19th century proposed mechanical computer

First battle in the Invasion of Poland and beginning of the Second World War

Automatic mechanical calculator

Battle in World War I's Eastern Front

1884–1885 conflict between France and China

1921–1926 war between Spain and Riffian tribes of Morocco

1914 battle of the First World War

1919 war between the British Empire (India) and the Emirate of Afghanistan

Earthquake in southern Italy

Battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II

Battle between Russia and the Ottoman Empire

1937 battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War

1934 civil war within the First Austrian Republic

Strategic operation conducted during Operation Barbarossa

Art movement, an offshoot of cubism

1940 British naval victory over Italy in WWII

1845–1846 conflict between the British and Sikh empires

World War II battle in the Pacific theater

1944 battle in Italy

Decisive battle of the Texas Revolution

1879 battle of the Anglo-Zulu War

Part of the Tunisia Campaign of World War II

1848–1851 war between Denmark and Prussia

1938 Soviet-Japanese border clashes

1941 battle of WW2 on the Eastern Front

1885 war between Serbia and Bulgaria

Series of conflicts in Central America and the Caribbean

Photography movement

Genocide campaign in the Ottoman Empire

1929 gang shooting in Chicago

1880s–1920s Muslim modernists in the Russian Empire

1929–1932 Soviet repression of peasants

Third Italian War of Independence naval battle

1805 battle during the War of the Third Coalition

1814–1816 war between Nepal and Britain

1909 massacres of Armenian, Assyrian, and Greek civilians by Ottoman Muslims

Famine in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

1814 brewery disaster in London

Conflict fought during the 1877-78 Russo-Turkish war

Naval battle of 1 November 1914 near Chile in World War I

Battle of the War of 1812 fought in January 1815

World War I battle in 1914

1941 siege on the Eastern Front of World War II

1862 battle of the American Civil War

1920–1922 peasant revolt in the Russian Civil War

1918 battle in the Western Front of World War I

British modernist art movement formed in 1914

Series of battles during World War II

1941 battle on the Eastern Front of World War II

Part of the German invasion of Poland

1862 American Civil War battle

Ideology that seeks to develop a white national identity

1853 naval battle of the Crimean War

War between United States and the Barbary states, 1801–1805

Battle in the Winter War

1809 battle during the War of the Fifth Coalition

1944 Japanese offensive during the Second Sino-Japanese War

1944 battle during the Pacific Campaign of World War II

1943 military campaign of World War II resulting in the fall of the Kingdom of Italy

1940–41 conflict in French Indochina

Campaign during WWII

1944 German war crime

Battle of World War II in Poland

Recapture of the city by the Soviet 39th, 43rd and 10th Guards armies

1940 British attack on the French Navy

Part of Battle of Kursk, World War II (1943)

1812 battle during the French invasion of Russia

Filipino secret society during the Spanish colonization

1918 riots in Japan

Armed conflict in the 1930s between the Soviets, Mongolians, and Japanese

Italian art style

Part of the War of the Second Coalition and the English Wars

Battles involving Armenian National movement

Large volcanic eruption in the Sunda Strait

1854 battle of the Crimean War

International Islamic movement

1866 conflict between the Kingdom of Italy and the Austrian Empire

1881 shootout in Tombstone, Arizona, United States

1905–1947 Indian movement for domestic cloth production

1942 naval battle on the Pacific campaign of WWII

Promotion of ideas through culture

World War I battle (April 1917)

1941 Allied naval victory over Italy

Engagement of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War

1915 Central Powers offensive on the Eastern Front of World War I

Series of battles; part of the Western Front of World War I

1847 civil war in Switzerland

1917 – Last Russian offensive of World War I

WWII battle in the Pacific theater between US and Japan

1879 Anglo-Zulu War battle

Part of the Crimean War

642 civilians massacred by a German Waffen-SS company in 1944

1824 battle of the Peruvian War of Independence

Part of the French intervention in Mexico

1812 battle during the French invasion of Russia

1919 accident in Massachusetts, United States

1890–1918 modernist arts movement in Poland

Turkish military operations, 1937–1938

1945 battle of World War II

1942 battle of WW2's Eastern Front

1939 territorial conflict between the Slovak Republic and the Kingdom of Hungary

1937–38 mass execution in Ukraine

1868–1878 Cuban uprising against Spanish rule

1813 battle of the Peninsular War

1813 battle during the War of the Sixth Coalition

Battle during World War I (October–November 1918)

1944 offensive into Crimea by the Red Army during World War II

Naval battle during the Second World War

1945 battle of the Philippines campaign

1944 operations to open Antwerp to Allied shipping during WW2

One of the first battles of the Pacific campaign of World War II

1914–15 battle on the Eastern Front of World War I

1941 massacre of Jews in Poland

Second World War battle in Libya

1838–1839 war between Mexico and France

1862 battle of the American Civil War

Earliest known device for recording sound

1898 battle of the Mahdist War

Series of civil wars in 19th-century Spain

1922 fire during the Greco-Turkish War

Far-right political movement in Finland (1929–32)

1914 battle on the Eastern Front of World War I

1943 Allied attack on a Japanese convoy

1813 battle during the War of the Sixth Coalition

1943 Soviet WWII military operation

Civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1840

1848–49 conflict between the British and Sikh empires

Famine that affected the major grain-producing areas of the Soviet Union

Series of Soviet operations in World War II

German offensive in the WWII

1944 battle around Kohima, Nagaland, India

Decisive battle of the Russo-Japanese war

1944 British airborne operation in the Netherlands

Major battle of the American Civil War

Secessionist civil war (1810–1825)

1856–1857 war between the UK and Iran

Series of Axis and Soviet operations on the Eastern Front of WWII

WWII Battle by Japanese forces to capture Guam from the United States

Naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II

Anti-Polish extermination actions by Nazi Germany

Battle during the First Italian War of Independence

First World War allied offensive operation

World War II battle in the Pacific Ocean (1941)

Part of the Western Front in World War I

Flood during Sino-Japanese War

American Civil War battle

8–9 February 1904 start of the Russo-Japanese War

1811–1818 conflict between Egypt and the first Saudi state

1918 armed conflict in Georgia and Armenia

1870 completion of Italian unification

Incident in Yugoslavia at the end of World War II

1937 airship fire in the US

German military offensive

World War I engagement between the German and the Belgian armies

1848 battle of the First Italian War of Independence

1942 battle of World War II

World War I battle won by Italy

Genocidal massacres of Jews in 1941 Ukraine

Battle of the Second Italian War of Independence

Series of major battles between Italy and Austria-Hungary during WWI

1914 battle during World War I

1942 naval battle in the Pacific Ocean

Battle fought between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in August 1914

Battle during World War II

1904 Russo-Japanese War naval battle

World War II tank battle between the Wehrmacht and the Red Army from 23 to 30 June 1941

1940 World War II battles

Part of the War of the Sixth Coalition

January 1945 Nazi air force offensive

1911 factory fire in New York City

1862 naval battle in the American Civil War, the first between ironclads

Conflicts in Florida between the US govt. and Seminole Nation (1816–58)

European gymnastics organization

Armed resistance of the Armenian population of Van against the Armenian genocide

Art movement

United States–United Kingdom border dispute

Battle of the American Civil War

1822 killing and enslavement of Greek people by Ottoman troops

Artistic movement emerged in The Hague

August 1914 battle of WW1's Eastern Front

Conflict between Poland and Lithuania, 1919-1920

Arabian Muslim dynasty (1836–1921)

1944 World War II battle between the United States and Japan

War fought between Sweden and Norway

Anti-Jewish attack in Kishinev, Russian Empire (19–21 April 1903)

Category 4 Atlantic hurricane

1941–1944 Nazi murders in Vilnius, Lithuania

1941 anti-Jewish massacre in Baghdad, Iraq

British offensive during the First World War

1920–22 Armenian assassination campaign

Ruling dynasty of Qatar

War fought from 1918 to 1919

1824–1826 war in Southeast Asia

1920 war in the Middle East

Robbery of bank stagecoach by Bolsheviks in 1907

Battle of the Napoleonic Wars

Battle at Osowiec Fortress during WWI

Civil war in Colombia from 1899 to 1902

1858 pollution event in central London

War between British East India Company and the Marathas

1945 battle of World War II, during the Great Patriotic War

Part of the Franco-Prussian War

Battle during the Normandy campaign

Fourth carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II

1894–1895 rebellion in Korea

Battle between Japanese and Allied forces in 1944

Part of World War I

1854 Crimean War cavalry charge

1942 raid of Allied shipping by the Imperial Japanese Navy

Wars in North Africa between the United States and the Barbary States, 1801-1805, 1815

1815 battle during the War of the Seventh Coalition (Hundred Days)

German naval operation during the Second World War

1814 British attack on the United States

Russian art movement

Anti-aircraft shelling during WWII against an imagined invader

Art movement

1885 war in Southeast Asia

1937 mass killing of Haitians by Dominican forces

1828 series of killings in Edinburgh, Scotland

Battle of the American Civil War

Russian and Soviet art movement (approx. 1890–1930)

Killing of Jews in Mandatory Palestine

Early 20th-century Russian art movement with magazine of the same name

1941 South American border conflict

Cultural movement in the Arab world

1845–1872 armed conflicts in New Zealand

Three wars between Britain and Burma

1852–1853 war in Southeast Asia

Armed conflict in Europe (1917–1921)

1839–51 armed conflict in Uruguay between the Colorado and Blanco factions

1825–1828 war between Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata

US civil war battles in 1862

Battle of World War II

1944 WWII conflict in Hungary

Part of the Spanish Civil War

1942 occupation of France in WWII

World War II carrier battle in the Pacific Theater

1942 Japanese attack on Australia in WWII

Battle on the Western Front in 1945

1944 battle in occupied France

1914 battle of the German East African campaign at the African theatre of World war 1

Romanian massacre of Jews during World War II

1944 World War II battle

French avant-garde movement

WWII German-Soviet military engagement

Battle during the First World War

1832 conflict between the United States and Native Americans

War between colonists and Aboriginal Tasmanians (1824 to 1832)

Part of the French invasion of Russia

Human stampede in Russia in 1896

1920 battle of the Franco-Syrian War

April 1914 massacre during the Colorado Coalfield War

Military conflict between Portugal and alliance of France and Spain

1868 battle of the Boshin War in Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan

1943 Axis offensive in Yugoslavia

Battle of the Spanish Civil War

1808 Battle in Peninsular War

1917 British-Ottoman battle during WWI

Major battle of the American Civil War

1944 World War II battle in Palau

Conflict between Spain and Morocco

Battle during the War of the Sixth Coalition

1877 final battle of the Satsuma Rebellion

Battle in the Second Sino-Japanese War

1864 US troop murders of Native Americans

Arab–Jewish clashes in Mandatory Palestine

Conflict within the Maratha Confederacy involving the British East India Company

Battles involving Armenian National movement

Military conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Eyalet of Egypt (1831-33)

Plan of extermination of Polish intelligentsia by German troops in 1939

Battle of Sudza

1944 extermination of civilians by Nazi forces in Wola, Warsaw, Poland

1945 mass murder of Muslims in French Algeria

1809–1826 war against Spanish rule

Battle in 1915 during the First World War on the Eastern front

1944 military operation

1870 battle of the Franco-Prussian War

December 1941 naval engagement in the Pacific Theater of WW2

Dispatch of German and Italian troops to North Africa during the Second World War

1812 battle of the Peninsular War

Battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War

German forces defeat by Red army in 1943

Battle (WW2)

1943 naval battle during the Arctic campaign of WWII

American art movement

1925 bombing of a church in Sofia, Bulgaria by Communist Party militants