In the broader context of racism in the United States, mass racial violence in the United States consists of ethnic conflicts and race riots, along with such events as:Racially based targeted attacks against African Americans by White Americans which took place before the American Civil War, often in relation to attempted slave revolts, and racially based attacks against African Americans by White Americans which took place after the war, in relation to tensions which existed during the Reconstruction and later efforts to suppress Black suffrage and institute Jim Crow laws Conflicts between Protestants and Catholic immigrants from Ireland and Germany in the 19th century White American mobs frequently targeted Asian American immigrants during the 19th and 20th century Attacks on American Indians and American settlers which took place during conflicts over land ownership Frequent fighting among members of various ethnic groups in major cities, specifically in the Northeastern United States and the Midwestern United States throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, such as the ethnic violence between Puerto Ricans and Italian Americans in New York City Anti-immigrant violence,…