The Jaʿfarī school, also known as the Jafarite school, Jaʿfarī fiqh or Ja'fari jurisprudence, is a prominent school of jurisprudence (fiqh) within Twelver and Ismaili Shia Islam, named after the sixth Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq. In Iran, Jaʽfari jurisprudence is enshrined in the constitution, shaping various aspects of governance, legislation, and judiciary in the country. In Lebanon, this school of jurisprudence is also accounted for in the legal system of the country and Shia Muslims can call upon it for their legal disputes. During the French Mandate in Lebanon and after independence, Jaʿfarī jurisprudence became institutionalised through Jaʿfarī courts, where legal practice reflected not only religious doctrine but also citizenship, gender, and state authority.